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Page
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Question
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Answer
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Activity/ Subject
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21
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What is the town of Brainerd known for?
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Numerous lakes with excellent year-round fishing
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23
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Why might the placement of the Bocks’ water well be important?
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If frogs in their pond are deformed, whatever is causing that may be in the drinking water
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Make a map of the Bocks pond using the descriptions in the book.
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24
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How does the discovery of the first deformed frog at the Bocks relate to the beginning of the book?
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Their young son discovered it, like the students in the beginning
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25
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Who is David Hoppe?
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26
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How many toes are on a frog?
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18 total; 5 on each hind foot & 4 on each front foot
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25-
26
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What change in the field of biology do they discuss? Why is this ironic?
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Less natural biologists to more molecular biologists, and this is ironic because they needed a natural biologist
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29-
30
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What was so different and important about the Bocks lake?
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It was a natural lake, as compared to the agricultural lakes where all the other deformed frogs had been reported.
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30
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What were 2 possible sources of contamination for Bocks’ lake?
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*trash from former neighbor
*abandoned township landfill
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31
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Why was it important that the Minnesota state legislature approve funding for MPCA?
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The MPCA needs to be able to pay for tests and field work to try to find an answer to the frog problem
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Mock governmental preceding – see what steps would have to be taken for such an event
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32-
33
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What problems were occurring when the summer ’96 data of frog deformities came in?
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The numbers were not showing any kind of trend.
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Percentage activity
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34
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What is a necropsy?
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A dissection of a dead organism which can show irregularities
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Frog dissection
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34-
35
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What types of internal problems were found in the frogs?
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-abnormal reprod.
-abnormal digestive tract; food in bladder
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35
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Why were these frogs most likely dying?
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Starvation
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35
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What evidence is there of a behavioral abnormality in the frogs?
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Eating nonliving items
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36
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Why could mink frogs be an especially good indicator of water quality?
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They spend a much larger percentage of their life in the water
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37-
38
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What did Hoppe find in the lake?
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Mass amounts of deformities
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39
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Would you continue to swim in this lake? Why or why not?
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Various
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40
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Why are finding control sites important?
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They would establish a background rate for deformities – what was normal in the pop.
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Any controlled experiment
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40
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What could be a possible reason for the large increase in citizen reports?
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Varies – increase in media esp.
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Student created news report: written, play, or video
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41
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Even though information was found on previously deformed frogs in California, what was missing from those reports?
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Missing and reduced limbs – the majority of the deformities in Minn
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41
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What is a parasite?
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43
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Explain why the examination for parasites is inconclusive.
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No direct connection btwn parasites and deformities could be established – some deformed frogs didn’t have any parasites and some normal ones did.
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44
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What kind of interference into the investigation could have been caused by Hoppe and McKinnell’s distrust of the MPCA?
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They held back data that may have been valuable in finding an answer
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46
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What is a herpetologist?
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A person who studies amphibians, or “creepy crawlies”
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